Anscombeの哲学

最近Causality and Determinationと言うエッセイに目を通しています。
He begins by recounting the link between the notion of "cause" and necessity. He defines causality by the notion that "if an effect occurs in one case and a similar effect does not occur in another case, then there must be a relevant difference in circumstance". He traces such a connection to commantary of Aristotle, Spinoza, and Hobbes. Hume takes a disparate course, saying that there is nothing unnatural about imagining a cause occurring without its effect. However, he stated that the relation of cause and effect is a constant conjunction between impressions/memories of one event to the idea of another. Next, Anscombe discusses Kant and Mill's opinions of causality. Kant linked the cause and effect relation to the time relation of succession. In connection with an event which temporally precedes another is the rule that the other event invariably follows it. Mill discusses necessary and sufficient conditions. By sufficient, it is meant that, if the condition is present, the event does occur. The next philosopher to be discussed is Bertrand Russell. His contribution to the notion of causality is the concept of universality: namely unless the succession of events is based upon some universal precept there is no reason to assert that an effect will follow from a cause.
Anscombe's next step seems to be to object to the association of cause with either necessity or universality.